阳痿的发病原因是什么? | What Causes Erectile Dysfunction?

阳痿勃起功能障碍,ED)是男性最常见的性健康问题之一,全球约1.5亿男性受其困扰。在新加坡,40岁以上男性ED患病率达19%^1。本文以中英双语系统解析ED的生理、心理及环境病因。
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) affects approximately 150 million men globally. In Singapore, 19% of men over 40 experience ED^1. This bilingual article explains ED’s multifactorial causes.


1. 生理病因 | Physical Causes

  • 血管疾病
    高血压、动脉硬化减少阴茎血流,占ED病例的70%^2。
    Vascular Disorders: Hypertension and atherosclerosis cause 70% of ED cases^2.
  • 神经损伤
    糖尿病、多发性硬化症损害勃起神经信号传导。
    Nerve Damage: Diabetes or multiple sclerosis disrupt nerve signals.
  • 荷尔蒙失衡
    睾酮不足(常见于衰老)或甲状腺功能异常。
    Hormonal Imbalance: Low testosterone (common in aging) or thyroid dysfunction.

2. 心理病因 | Psychological Causes

  • 表现焦虑
    对性能力的过度担忧形成心理性ED循环。
    Performance Anxiety: Excessive worry about sexual ability triggers ED.
  • 抑郁症
    情绪低落抑制性欲相关脑区活动。
    Depression: Low mood suppresses brain regions linked to libido.
  • 创伤后应激
    性侵或情感虐待经历导致性回避行为。
    PTSD: Sexual trauma or abuse leads to sexual avoidance.

3. 环境与生活方式 | Environmental & Lifestyle Factors

  • 吸烟与酗酒
    吸烟者ED风险增加50%;酒精抑制中枢神经兴奋。
    Smoking & Alcohol: Smokers have 50% higher ED risk; alcohol dulls arousal.
  • 久坐肥胖
    新加坡37%男性超重^3,脂肪组织促进炎症因子释放。
    Obesity: 37% of Singaporean men are overweight^3; fat cells release inflammatory chemicals.
  • 环境污染
    空污中的PM2.5可能损害血管内皮功能^4。
    Air Pollution: PM2.5 may damage blood vessel lining.

新加坡特殊风险因素 | Local Risk Factors

  • 高糖饮食文化
    椰浆饭、珍多冰等传统美食增加糖尿病风险。
    Local Diet: Dishes like nasi lemak increase diabetes risks.
  • 超长通勤时间
    平均每日通勤87分钟^5,压缩运动与休息时间。
    Long Commutes: Average 87-minute daily commutes reduce time for exercise.
  • 湿热气候
    常年高温可能加剧疲劳与心血管负担。
    Tropical Climate: Heat and humidity may worsen fatigue.

预防与管理 | Prevention & Management

  • 综合检测
    40岁以上男性每年检查血糖、血脂与睾酮水平。
    Health Screening: Men over 40 should test blood glucose, lipids, and testosterone.
  • 心理健康支持
    使用社区心理咨询服务(如Silver Ribbon Singapore)。
    Mental Health Support: Access community counselling services.
  • 本土化运动
    参与ActiveSG的太极或游泳课程改善血液循环。
    Localised Exercise: Join ActiveSG’s tai chi or swimming programmes.

免责声明:本文为科普内容,具体诊疗请咨询医疗专业人士。
Disclaimer: This article is educational. Consult healthcare providers for medical advice.